Century of Astonishing Literature: October 2020

Friday, 16 October 2020

LENGUA PARA DIABLO(THE EVIL ATE MY WORDS)

An analysis of 21st literature

The 21st century in literature refers to world literature produced during the 21st century. The measure of years is, for the purpose of this article, literature written from (roughly) the year 2001 to the present. Literature seems to be a subject that both befuddles and captivates students. There are usually no “right” or “best” answers. But at the same time, some students credit it for inspiring them and opening up their minds to new worlds and perspectives.

We ask several educators and students of Literature, including Professor Tommy Koh, Singapore’s Ambassador-At-Large, to share with us their personal experiences with Literature and why it remains relevant to students to this day.

AUTHOR

Merlinda Bobis

BACKGROUND

Merlinda Bobis live in Legazpi City, she attended Bicol University High School then completed her B.A at aquinos University at Legazpi City. She awarded the Carlos Palanca Memorial Award for poetry in Filipino. She holds the post graduate degrees from the University of Santo Thomas and University of Wollongong.

AUTHORS BACKGROUND

Authorial information

Born in Legazpi City, in the Philippines province of Albay, Merlinda Bobis attended Bicol University High School then completed her B.A. at Aquinas University in Legazpi City. ... Also a dancer and visual artist, Bobis currently teaches at Wollongong University.

Educational background

University of Santo Thomas

Wollongong

She is post-graduate

Family background

Merlinda Bobis (born 25 November 1959) is a contemporary Philippine-Australian writer and academic.

Born in Legazpi City, in the Philippines province of Albay, Merlinda Bobis attended Bicol University High School then completed her B.A. at Aquinas University in Legazpi City. She holds post-graduate degrees from the University of Santo Tomas and University of Wollongong, and now lives in Australia. Written in various genres in both Filipino and English, her work integrates elements of the traditional culture of the Philippines with modern immigrant experience.

Also a dancer and visual artist, Bobis currently teaches at Wollongong University. Her play Rita's Lullaby was the winner of the 1998 Awgie for Best Radio Play and the international Prix Italia of the same year; in 2000 White Turtle won the Steele Rudd Award for the Best Collection of Australian Short Stories and the 2000 Philippine National Book Award. Most recently, in 2006, she has received the Gintong Aklat Award (Golden Book Award, Philippines) for her novel Banana Heart Summer, from the Book Development Association of the Philippines. Bobis won the 2016 Christina Stead Prize for Fiction, NSW Premier's Literary Awards for her book, Locust Girl:A

List of works

2012 fish hair woman

2015 a love song

2014 dream stories

2019 LENGUA para diablo

Textual information

It published on 2019 is a story about poetry and a family that is suffering because on it. In the story, a man lost his job and has lost the will to talk to his wife-hence, the title, the devil ate his words.

COPY OF THE LITERARY TEXT

Lengua para Diablo

The story said “The devil ate his words”he doesn`t gain respect from his children, his pride and especially his dignity was lost.the man has a wife who always nag him.She always complain about the life they have.The wife complains about the food they have, how their place she is, how small the house have. The man would just only offer her with kisses and promise to give her more luxury and a bigger house. He is only a mason but sadly got fired.The wife is getting sick of their life.As she nags ,the husband could only murmur,he lost his ability to speak. He would not say anthing.However along with their neighbor ,the narrators`s uncle and her father were fired by their employer because he found a construction worker with a cheaper labor wage.For two days,he has not told his wife that she has lost his job. He was not saying anything and hardly eating anything. The narrator said his father has should said his father has sold his tongue to the devil.The situation is truly happening now in the in the society. Young faamily that is caused by early preganancyusually the victim for they don`t have enough knowledge and education.These situations are really present to our community.The situation is really difficultto the father because he needs to sacrifice all of his pride and ego to stay home and monitor to their kids.There are many possibilities that may happen the father may have another affair or may use drugs of abuse. Not just that the kids may mock thier fathers and be ashamed of them for they are not earning.This is really dishearting from the father`s side .That is why prope education and guidance of the guidance of the family is really important.So that we won`t have these kins of situation in our society for the main reasons of his Lack of Education.

ANALYSIS

Literary Genre

Merlinda Bobis is an acclaimed Filipino-Australian writer and performer who has published in three languages. Her novels, short story and poetry collections, and plays have received various awards, including the Prix Italia, the Steele Rudd Award for the Best Published Collection of Australian Short Stories, the Australian Writers’ Guild Award, the Ian Reed Radio Drama Prize, and three national awards in the Philippines: the Carlos Palanca Literary Award, the Balagtas Award, and the Philippine National Book Award. She has been short-listed for ‘The Age’ Poetry Book Award and the Australian Literature Society Gold Medal. Bobis has performed in Australia, Philippines, US, Spain, France, and China. She teaches Creative Writing at the University of Wollongong. Her most recent publication is the novel Fish-Hair Woman. About the creative process, she says: ‘Writing visits like grace. Its greatest gift is the comfort if not the joy of transformation. In an inspired moment, we almost believe that anguish can be made bearable and injustice can be overturned, because they can be named. Her father didn’t say any word about his job to placate his family; the devil really ate his words.For me lengua para diablo tells us about a life of a man during this new society that having a change in the nature of work that women now work for the family and the father is being enclosed in the house for the family just like switching places in between. For me its true today because some father accept the role in the house and the mother is more easily to pick the job for the family. Lengua para diablo is a story behind the different faces of an individual in the Philippine Society. It is about a father whose right is abolished. It highlights the man, who is unemployed and his power to run the family. Considering the characteristics of men from the past up to today, we can conclude that they are not the one who easily let go of their pride. They are being described as strong and hardworking and also defined as the provider. But then in this story, it is the total opposite. Unemployed men were not treated properly and their capability to express themselves is somehow grasp away.Despite rapid economic growth in the Philippines in recent years, unemployment remains a persistent problem for the sprawling Southeast Asian nation of more than 100 million people. Unemployment is one of the major economics problems. People who are considered unemployed are those who are seeking work or laid off for more then a week.Unemployment is serious problem that our government faces. Our leaders are trying their utmost best to solve it wisely. I hope that Duterte's regime will mark the end of unployment and I will also pray for the goodness of our country.The story lengua para diablo is about a father that is unemployed and is said that he did not contribute to his family. The father until that time was guilty for not being able to fulfill his duty as a father in his family. In that moment he felt like he was nothing in that house, can't speak comfortably, and pride. Is it still happening in the Phillipines today? Yes, it is still happening in the Philippines today. For me, I think it is because of lack of education. Education is the most important thing in life because it can't be removed and forgotten. Food can be digested but education cannot be removed and will remain in yourself forever. Any jobs that you will apply requires education.“Lengua is a Spanish word meaning “tounge,” which in the story, symbolizes the words eaten by the devil.“Banana Heart Summer.” Banana Heart Summer is written by Merinda Bobis. Merlinda Bobis is an acclaimed Filipino-Australian writer and performer who has published in three languages. Her novels, short story and poetry collections, and plays have received various awards. Evidence:In our culture father is considered the “haligi ng tahanan”, they are the face of the family. The father reflects what kind of family you are into. They are the role models of the family. What if a father loses his able to speak for himself?The story shows how unemployment and poverty greatly affects the situation of the family, particularly if the father is the one that is unemployed. The father in the story lost his pride and ability to speak for himself. He lost it all due to the reason that he has no work and no longer can support and contribute to his family financially. He has no more confidence to share his own views and opinions and looked down by his’ own children.

Analysis

Analysis Guides

Provide a one-sentence introductory paragraph first before proceeding with the actual analysis using the following criteria.

Reader Response

Compose a one paragraph, three-to-five-sentence summary of your text using the Reader Response.

Tone

Tone is defined as story about poverty and a family that is suffering because it period in the story,a man lost his job and has lost the will to talk to be his wife

Point of View

Is started when the daughter suspected that her father sold his tongue to the devil.Her father did not speak much in their house.Her father said”the devil ate his words” which means her forgot what he was about to sat that statement appeases his wife

Diction and Style

Formal because it was well written and well explain the type of world that another author can use is their own language or can also his different languages of the country

Images and Symbols

The image is the tastefulness of the food so that the father with a devil tongue gets the fines quality of unique flavor that serve

Theme

The theme show to how to be strong in life and be succesful so that you can share with other people and they will have a lesson.They will have an idea how to make a story in such a way that they can express their thouhgts

Contextual analysis

Summary

Therewas a family there that used to live well and happily.But in a problem did not turn out well. Because her husband lost his job and he was the only one living with them.And he us so that only hope this family so that they can have something to eat.The man has a wife who always nag him. She always complain about the life they have. The wife complains about the food they have, how hot their place she is, how small the house they have. The man would just only cajole her with kisses and promise to give her more luxury and a bigger house. The wife is getting sick of their life. As she nags, the husband could only murmur that he has sold his tongue to the devil. He would not just say anything. He is a mason. However along with their neighbor, the narrator's Tiyo Anding and her father were sacked by their Spanish employer because he found a construction worker with a cheaper labor wage. For two days, he has not told his wife that he has lost his job. He was not saying anything and hardly eating anything. The narrator said his father has sold his tongue to the devil.

References

In this part you have to indicate the sources from where you have taken the information you included here in your paper.

You may just have to provide an introductory sentence here first before actually writing all the information needed below.

AUTHOR/S

TITLE OF THE BOOK/WEBSITE

TITLE OF THE ARTICLE/TEXT

PUBLISHER & PLACE OF PUBLICATION

WEBSITE LINK

Merlinda Bobis

21st CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE AND THE WORLD

MARIKIT TARA A.UY CHOCO

Lionheart

Lionheart

An Analysis of a 21^st Century Philippine Literature entitled

Turban Legend

by R. Zamora Linmark

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the subject of

21^st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Introduction

Ferdinand Lachica once quoted, "I wanted a life that's comfortable enough for me, my ambition, and love." This quote is about why Filipinos work abroad. It is to provide all the things that they need and the things that they want. OFW’s have loved ones to go back to, houses that can not be called home because their loved ones aren't there. They provide many things for the family they left. Some force their selves not to buy anything that isn't necessary just to provide something for their balikbayan boxes.

BACKGROUND

● Authorial information:

○ R. Zamora Lindmark

○ NCR- Manila, Philippines

○ He earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Hawaii in Honolulu. He was a Distinguished Visiting Professor in Creative Writing at The University of Hawaii and the University of Miami.

○ He is the recipient of a Japan-United States Friendship Commission, a winner of a National Endowment for the Arts creative writing fellowship in poetry (2001), and was a Fulbright Foundation Senior Lecturer/Researcher in the Philippines (2005-2006).

○ Time Apparitions (2005), The Evolution of a Sigh (2008), Drive-By Vigils (2011), Rolling the R’s (1995), Leche (2011), and The Importance of Being Wilde at Heart (2019); themes involving ethnic and sexual identity are common throughout.

● Textual information:

○ 2011

COPY OF THE LITERARY TEXT

Turban Legend

By the time Vince arrives at the Philippine Airlines departures terminal, it is already bustling with restless souls who, with their balikbayan boxes, have transformed the terminal into a warehouse, as if they’re returning to the motherland on a cargo ship rather than Asia’s first airline carrier. Comedians use these durable cardboard boxes as materials for their Filipino-flavored jokes. “How is the balikbayan box like American Express to Filipinos? Because they never leave home without it.”

Everywhere Vince turns are boxes, boxes, and. more boxes. Boxes secured by electrical tape and ropes. Boxes with drawstring covers made from canvas or tarp. Boxes lined up like a fortified wall behind check-in counters or convoying on squeaky conveyor belts of x-ray machines. Boxes blocking the Mabuhay Express lane for first-and business-class passengers. Boxes stacked up on carts right beside coach passengers standing in queues that are straight only at their starting points before branching out to form more-or converge with other-lines, bottlenecking as they near the ticket counter.

Boxes that ought to be the Philippines’ exhibit at the next World’s Fai1, Vince tells himself as he navigates his cartload of Louis Vuitton bags in and out of the maze. An exhibit that should take place none other than here, at the Honolulu International Airport, he laughs, as he imagines an entire terminal buried in the Filipinos’ most popular-and preferred-pieces of luggage.

With a balikbayan box Filipinos can pack cans of Hormel corned beef, Libby’s Vienna sausage, Folgers, and SPAM; perfume samples; new or hand-me-down designer jeans; travel-sized bottles of shampoo, conditioner, and body lotion gleaned from Las Vegas hotels; and appliances marked with first-world labels that, as anyone who’s been to the Philippines knows, can easily be purchased at Duty Free right outside the airport or from any of the crypt-like malls that are so gargantuan they’re a metropolis unto themselves.

Filipinos will even throw themselves into these boxes, as was the case of the overseas contract worker in Dubai. The man, an engineer, was so homesick that, unable to afford the ticket-most of his earnings went to cover his living expenses and the rest to his wife and children-he talked his roommate, who was homebound for the holidays, into checking him in. He paid for the excess baggage fee, which still came out cheaper than a round-trip airfare. On route to Manila, he died from hypothermia.

Vince, who had heard the story from his older sister Jing, didn’t buy it. There were too many loopholes, too many unanswered questions, like wouldn’t an x-ray machine in the Middle East detect a Filipino man curled up inside a box? He simply dismissed it as a “turban legend.”

“You’re missing the point brother,” Jing said. “It’s not the mechanics that matter. It’s about drama. The extremes a Filipino will go to just to be back home for Christmas with his family.”

ANALYSIS

A. Literary Genre

Fiction generally is a narrative form, in any medium, consisting of people, events, or places that are imaginary—in other words, not based strictly on history or fact. In its most narrow usage, fiction refers to written narratives in prose and often specifically novels, though also novellas and short stories.

We can say that the turban legend is a fiction because the story of the engineer who entered the box because he could not afford a ticket, it is impossible because it was undetected, and it is not realistic. It also contains the elements of fiction, the character is flat characters are types or caricatures defined by a single idea of quality and the point of view of turban legend is omniscient which an author using the limited point of view recounts the story through the eyes of a single character.

B. Analysis Guides

We use these guides to apply and indicate analyzed text.

Reader Response

We can understand the text because we are related to the point of the author about the balikbayan boxes. We Filipinos are valuing the balikbayan boxes because it is the sign of the OFW’s that they are hardworking for the sake of their family. Reading the text repeatedly can help us to clearly understand what the author meant in the story.

Plot and Structure

The story is all about Vince who remembers the story of her sister. The story of his sister is all about the OFW who went inside the balikbayan box because he can’t afford a ticket and he eventually died. The OFW faced an external conflict which is character vs. society. The parts of the story give meaning to the story.

Setting

The story takes place at the airport at the time Vince arrived. Nothing happened in the historical and cultural events by that time. The author makes connections between the literary work and in a real-life situation because it is all about the OFW’s do their best to sustain their family needs and about their homesickness.

Tone

The author tone is just stating the text casual to the readers. He just has a simple conversation by expressing his opinions and ideas about the literary work he wrote.

Character

Vince and Jing are the two protagonist that can be seen in our literature that have a flat adjective evaluation because they don't change during the course of our story and they are only a minor characters that did not developed by the author very well. Only their payment salary and their pasalubong are the only things that keep them on working abroad. And as a flat character, they don't change in action, motivation, and interaction and they also use conversation to interact with each other.

Point of View

The story didn’t have the words “I” or “me” which stated that the writer is pretending himself as the protagonist of the story. He didn’t just focus on just one person to narrate the story. He is an omniscient narrator that knows about everything and not just one person. He knows what was the story all about and he knows complete ideas about it.

Diction and Style

The literature is informal because it tells the story in a direct way and not usually using any formal words. It also uses ellipsis or one or more words, which are supplied by the listener or reader for the sentence to be understood. And in the literature, it is when Vince and Jing are discussing the legend of the OFW.

Images and Symbols

The image used is the balikbayan box. It can be seen in the part where the typical things in the balikbayan box are mentioned. Balikbayan boxes symbolizes the hard work and love of OFWs and Louis Vuitton symbolizes wealth. The images and symbols make the readers feel what the characters feel and it gives emotion.

Theme

The theme is about the hardships that OFWs experiences when they are far away from their families. The reason why Filipinos left the Philippines to find better jobs abroad is because of poverty. It shows the longing of Filipinos all around the globe. And also, it shows Philippine diaspora and brain drain happening in the Philippines. The moral lesson of the story is to appreciate and not criticize the OFWs because they sacrifice just for their family.

C. Contextual Analysis

Socio-cultural Context

According to the results of the latest survey on overseas Filipinos recently released by the Philippine Statistics Authority, of the 2.2 million estimated overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) who were working abroad at any time from April to September 2019. We can conclude that many Filipinos work abroad.

Linguistic Context

Mabuhay Express Lane which is a designated 17 routes to and from various parts of Metro Manila.

SUMMARY

The theme of the text is about the balikbayan boxes which valued by the Filipinos. It contains food, clothes or any object that is from the other countries which is brought by the OFW’s. OFWs work hard and suffer homesickness to sustain their family needs. Even those people who graduated with a high degree, they go to other countries and get any job and opportunities just to earn and save money. The balikbayan boxes are the symbol of their hard work because all of the things inside it are signs of their drudgery.

REFERENCES

Down below are the citations that we used to utilize the veracity of every information that we put and to accomplish an absolute and profound accumulation of the finished paper.

Book/s Uychoco. Marikit Tara, A. (). 21st CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD. REX Book Store: 856 Nicanor Reyes, Sr. St.

Online Sources Medina, Marielle (2020). Did You Know 2.2 million Filipinos working abroad April- September 2019. Retrieved from https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1313607/did-you-know-748#ixzz6b609kuSh

R. Zamora Linkmark. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R._Zamora_Linmark

Lengua Para Diablo(The Devil Ate My Words)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

“Unemployment, with its injustice for the man who seeks and thirsts for employment, who begs

for labour and cannot get it, and who is punished for failure he is not responsible for by the

starvation of his children – that torture is something that private enterprise ought to remedy for

its own sake.”.

BACKGROUND

•Authorial Information

Merlinda Carullo Bobis

•born in 25 November 1959

•A Contemporary Philippine-Australian writer

and academic.

•Born in Legazpi City, in the Philippines

province of Albay (Region V)

•Merlinda Bobis attended Bicol University High School then completed her B.A. at Aquinas

University in Legazpi City.

•She holds post-graduate degrees from the University of Santo Tomas and University of

Wollongong, and now lives in Australia.

•Written in various genres in both Filipino and English, her work integrates elements of the

traditional culture of the Philippines with modern immigrant experience.

•A dancer and visual artist, Bobis currently teaches at Wollongong University.

WORKS

Poetry

•Rituals: Selected poems, 1985-1990. (1990)

•Summer was a Fast Train without Terminals. (Melbourne: Spinifex, 1998) •Usaping Ina at Anak

Short Stories

•White Turtle. (Melbourne: Spinifex, 1999)

•The Kissing (Aunt Lute, 2001)US reissue of White Turtle

Novels

•Banana Heart Summer (Murdoch Books, 2005)

•The Solemn Lantern Maker (Sydney: Murdoch Books, 2008)

•Fish-hair Woman (North Melbourne: Spinifex, 2011)

•Locust Girl: A Lovesong (North Melbourne: Spinifex, 2015)

AWARDS

•Australian Classical Music Award for Best Vocal/Choral Work of the Year for Daragang

Magayon Cantata (2007)

•Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni Balagtas (National Balagtas Award: a lifetime award for

author's poetry and prose in English, Pilipino, Bikol) from the Unyon ng Manunulat ng Pilipinas

(Union of Philippine Writers) (2006)

•Gintong Aklat Award (Golden Book Award: Philippine publishers' award) for Banana Heart

Summer (2006)

•Australian Literature Society Gold Medal for Banana Heart Summer (2006)

•Nomination: Best in Foreign Language in Fiction from the Manila Critics' Circle for Banana

Heart Summer (2006)

•Judges' Choice Award, Bumbershoot Bookfair, Seattle Arts Festival for The Kissing (collection

of short stories published as White Turtle in Australia and the Philippines) (2001)

•Arts Queensland Steele Rudd Australian Short Story Award (for the Best Published Collection

of Australian Short Stories, joint winner) for White Turtle (2000)

•Philippine National Book Award for Fiction (Joint winner) from the Manila Critics' Circle for

White Turtle (2000)

•NSW Ministry for the Arts Writers' Fellowship for novel in progress, Fish-Hair Woman (2000)

•Canberra Writing Fellowship jointly from the Australian National University, the University of

Canberra, and the Australian Defence Force Academy (2000)

•Prix Italia (international award) for Rita's Lullaby (radio play) (1998)

•Australian Writers' Guild Award (AWGIE) for Rita's Lullaby (1998)

•Pamana Philippine Presidential Award for achievement in the arts (for Filipino expatriates)

(1998)

•Shortlist: The Age Poetry Book of the Year Award for Summer Was a Fast Train Without

Terminals (collection of poems) (1998)

•Winner, Out of the Ashes Trans-Tasman Short Story Competition for White Turtle (short story)

(1998)

•Commended: National Short Story Competition, Society of Women Writers for The Sadness

Collector (short story) (1998)

•Joint winner, ABC Radio National's 'Books & Writing Short Story Competition' for The Tongue

(also known as The Parable of Illawarra Street) (1997)

•Ian Reed Foundation Prize for Radio Drama for Rita's Lullaby (1995)

•Carlos Palanca Memorial Award in Literature (Philippine national award), Honourable Mention

for Ms. Serena Serenata (one-act play) (1995)

•Gawad Cultural Centre of the Philippines (national award for poetry in Filipino) for Mula Dulo

Hanggang Kanto ('From End to Corner', collection of poems) (1990)

•Likhaan Award for Daragang Magayon and other poems, University of the Philippines Writers'

Workshop (1990)

•Carlos Palanca Memorial Award in Literature, Second Prize for Lupang di Hinirang: Kuwento

at Sikreto ('Land Not Dearest: Story and Secret', collection of poems in Filipino) (1989)

•Carlos Palanca Memorial Award in Literature, joint winner, First Prize for Peopleness

(collection of poems in English) (1987)

COPY OF THE LITERARY TEXT

LEGUA PARA DIABLO (The Devil Ate My Words)

I suspected that my father sold his tongue to the devil. He had little to say in our house.

Whenever he felt like disagreeing with my mother, he murmured. ‘The devil ate my words’. This

meant he forgot what he was about to say and Mother was often appeased. There was more need

for appeasement after he lost his job.

The devil ate his words, the devil ate his capacity for words. The devil ate his tongue. But

perhaps only after prior negotiation with its owner what with Mother always complaining, I’m

already taking a peek at hell!’ when it got too hot and stuffy in our tiny house. She seemed to

sweat more that summer, and miserably. She made it sound like Father’s fault, so he cajoled her

with kisses and promises of an electric far; bigger windows, a bigger house, but she pushed him

away, saying, ‘Get off me, I’m hot, at this hellish life!’ Again he was ready to pledge relief, but

something in my mother’s eyes made him mutter only the usual excuse, ‘The devil ate my

words,’ before he shut his mouth. Then he ran to the tap to get more water”

Lengua para diablo: tongue for the devil. Surely he sold his tongue in exchange for those

promises to my mother: comfort, a full stomach life without our wretched want…But the devil

never delivered his side of the bargain. The devil was alien to want. He lived in a Spanish house

and owned several stores in the city. This Spanish mestizo was my father’s employer, but only

for a very short while. He sacked him and our neighbor Tiyo Anding, also a mason after he

found a cheaper hand for the extension of his house.

We never knew the devil’s name. Father was incapable of speaking it, more so after he came

home and sat in the darkest corner of the house, and stared at his hands. It took him two days of

silent staring before he told my mother about his fate.

I wondered how the devil ate my father’s tongue. Perhaps he cooked it in mushroom sauce, in

that special Spanish way that they do ox tongue. First, it was scrupulously cleaned, rubbed with

salt and vinegar, blanched in boiling water, then scraped of his white coating – now imagine

words scraped off the tongue, and even taste, our capacity for pleasure. In all those two days of

silent staring, Father hardly ate. He said he had lost his taste for food, he was not hungry. Junior

and Nilo were more than happy to demolish his share of gruel with fish sauce.

Now, after the thorough clean, the tongue was pricked with a fork to allow the flavors of all the

spices and condiments to penetrate the flesh. Then it was browned in olive oil. How I wished we

could prick my father’s tongue back to speech and even hunger, but of course we couldn’t,

because it had disappeared. It had been served on the devil’s platter with garlic onion tomatoes,

bay leaf, clove, peppercorns, soy sauce, even sherry, butter, and grated Edam cheese, with that

aroma of something rich and foreign. His silent tongue was already luxuriating in a multitude of

essences, pampered into piquant delight.

Perhaps, next he should sell his esophagus, then his stomach. I would if I had the chance to be

that pampered. To know for once what I would never taste. I would be soaked, steamed, sautéed,

basted, baked, boiled, fried and feted with only the perfect seasonings. I would become an

epicure. On a rich man’s plate, I would be initiated to flavors of only the finest quality. In his

stomach, I would be inducted to secrets’ I would be the ‘inside girl,’ and I could tell you the true

nature of sated affluence.

ANALYSIS

A. Literary Genre

The story lengua para diablo is about a father that is unemployed and is said that he did

not contribute to his family. The father until that time was guilty for not being able to fulfill his

duty as a father in his family. In that moment he felt like he was nothing in that house, can't

speak comfortably, and pride. Is it still happening in the Phillipines today? Yes, it is still

happening in the Philippines today. because of lack of education. Education is the most

important thing in life because it can't be removed and forgotten. Food can be digested but

education cannot be removed and will remain in yourself forever. Any jobs that you will apply

requires education In our culture father ?is considered the “haligi ng tahanan”, they are the face

of the family. The father reflects what kind of family you are into. They are the role models of

the family. What if a father loses his able to speak for himself?The story shows how

unemployment and poverty greatly affects the situation of the family, particularly if the father is

the one that is unemployed. The father in the story lost his pride and ability to speak for himself.

He lost it all due to the reason that hem has no work and no longer can support and contribute to

his family financially. He has no more confidence to share his own views and opinions and

looked down by his’ own children.

Lengua Para Diablo is a story about poverty and a family that is suffering because of it.

In the story, a man lost his job and has lost the will to talk to his wife – hence, the title, the devil

ate his words. The story illustrated what kind of struggle a normal family must have, especially if

they live in poverty. The author only wanted to deliver the message that there are problems today

that Filipinos are still facing. Some families are still struggling in life. The excerpt successfully

delivered its message about the situation of families here in our country. Lengua Para Diablo is

an excerpt from Banana Heart Summer.

B. Analysis Guide

The purpose of Literary Analysis is to be closely related , to understand more, and examine

some aspect of a literary work.

Reader Response

Despite the many attempts to eliminate poverty, the problem has never been solved. The way

Merlinda Bobis presents the story invites to participate in the creation. Lending through a young

girl’s perspective helps me think the realities that Philippines is facing today – the poverty and

unemployment, how it affects us. It helps me to appreciate more the life that my parents gave to

me –that I didn’t experience what the young girl had experienced ( eating gruel with fish sauce).

In the end the story shared a peek of what living is all about,Lengua Para Diablo is indeed a story

worth reading for.

Tone

•The author is not actually sad but when she is writing a story about the life of a man during new

society and how his life change.It affects how the author write this literature.It also how she

express the feelings of the characters and how they will react in those situations.

Point of View

First Person Point of View

(Little Girl's Perspective)

•Her daughter was wondering what the devil did to her father’s tongue and also that her father’s

tongue was served on the devil’s platter with spices that gives an aroma of something rich and

foreign. She was thinking that her father’s tongue was cooked in mushroom sauce in the special

Spanish way. She thought that her father’s tongue was luxuriating in a multitude of essences so

she said that maybe he should also sell his esophagus and his stomach for him to be pampered.

Diction and Style

The text is interesting; the author’s techniques cause to be engaged while reading. One example

is when she represented tongue as “words” which is a metaphor. The tongue was also made a

food that is eaten by the devil to better convey the message that the devil gets to experience

much satisfaction in his life because the food is described as pampering .

Images and Symbols

Lengua Para Diablo symbolizes as the father's freedom or right of speech and degradation of

the father's dignity.Lengua is a Spanish dish that is part of the Philippine cuisane,it is basically

cow's tounge cooked until it's very tender. In the story, what the father meant by saying, "the

devil ate my words" is that he can't react about his wife's complains. The word seems to run out

from his mouth because he agrees with his wife about the state of their lives, especially since he

was unemployed and failed to give them a luxurious life.

Theme

The story shows how poverty and unemployment affect the situation of the family. Poverty and

unemployment is the one problem that facing the Philippines right now. The story picture out the

situation among family having a father who has no job. It shows hardship of cooping and dealing

poverty.

C. Contextual Analysis

In Lengua Para Diablo the author write the story of a family who was suffering from

poverty and unemployment like what happen in real life back in 2016. The World Bank had

estimated poverty incidence in the Philippines at 24.5 percent for 2016. The total employed

persons was approximately 40.8 million in 2016 Employed persons are grouped into three major

sectors - agriculture, industry and services sector. Those in the services sector comprised more

than half (55.6 %) of the total employed persons. About 19.6 percent were engaged in wholesale

and retail trade or in the repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles. Workers in the agriculture

made up the second largest sector accounting for 26.9 percent, while those in the industry sector,

17.5 percent. Employed persons are classified as either full-time workers or part-time

workers.Full-time workers are those who work for 40 hours or more in a week, while part-time

workers work for less than 40 hours. Two-thirds (66.6%) of the total employed persons worked

for 40 hours or longer in a week whereas, those who worked for less than 40 hours, 32.5 percent.

Those who did not report for work during the reference week comprised 1.0 percent. The

underemployed persons or those employed persons who express the desire to have additional

hours of work in their present job or to have additional job, or to have a new job with longer

working hours was estimated at 7.5 million persons corresponding to an underemployment rate

of 18.3 percent. The unemployed persons numbered about 2.4 million resulting to an annual

unemployment rate of 5.5 percent. Of this number, 77.7 percent belonged to age group15 to 34

years wherein those in age group 15 to 24 years comprised 48.4 percent and those in the age

group 25 to 34 years, 29.3 percent. There were more unemployed males (62.8%) than

unemployed females (37.2%). One-third of these unemployed persons were high school

graduates (31.2%) and more than one-fifth were college graduates (21.4%)

SUMMARY

The story shows how unemployment and poverty greatly affects the situation of the family,

particularly if the father is the one that is unemployed. The father in the story lost his pride and

ability to speak for himself. He lost it all due to the reason that he has no work and no longer can

support and contribute to his family financially, he has no more confidence to share his own

views and opinions and looked down by his’ own children.The story said “The devil ate his

words” he doesn’t gain respect from his children, his pride and especially his dignity was

lost.The man has a wife who always nag him,she always complain about the life they have.

The wife complains about the food they have, how hot their place she is, how small the house

they have. The man would just only offer her with kisses and promise to give her more luxury

and a bigger house,he is only a mason but sadly got fired. The wife is getting sick of their life,as

she nags, the husband could only murmur, he lost his ability to speak. He would not say anything

however along with their neighbor, the narrator's uncle and her father were fired by their

employer because he found a construction worker with a cheaper labor wage. The situation is

really difficult to the father because he needs to sacrifice all of his pride and ego to stay home

and monitor to their kids.

REFERENCES

This References is for the Authors to acknowledge their contribution in our works, and also a

way of giving credits to the Authors whom we borrowed words and ideas.

Book/s

Uychoco Marikit Tara A. (2016). 21 st Century Literature From the Philippines and the World.

Manila, Philippines

Online Sources

Wikipedia (2016). Melinda Bobis. Retrieved from

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merlinda_Bobis

Angela Rafanan. (2018). Lengua Para Diablo(The Devil Ate My Words).Retrieved from

https://prezi.com/zexageobcu4m/lengua-de-diablo-the-devil-ate-my-words/

Kate Ingrid Calacat(2016). Polanco NHS-Senior High Department. Retrieved from

https://m.facebook.com/PolancoNHSSeniorHigh/posts/341677526208817

Rheymark Roldan.(2018). Lengua Para Diablo(Merlinda Bobis). Retrieved from

http://rheymarkroldan.blogspot.com/2018/08/lengua-para-diablo-bobis-merlinda-

bobis.html?m=1

Romeo S. Recide .(2016).2016 Annual Labor and Employment Status

https://psa.gov.ph/content/2016-annual-labor-and-employment-status

Ben O. De Vera(2019). PH poverty rate seen falling below 20% starting 2020

https://www.google.com/amp/s/business.inquirer.net/281269/ph-poverty-rate-seen-falling-

below-20-starting-2020/amp

Five brothers,One mother

Essense of home

In this story, the writer exhibited the experience of being an outsider by moving from one culture to another. The story is all about family and home.

A mother will do all these things with absolute love, that she can leave all her personal needs behind so their children can have entirely they need. She will not sleep, eat and even wait you until you arrived home and know you’re safe and sound.

BACKGROUND

Authorial information:

Exie Abola

Bicol Region (Region V), Albay

Teacher at the English Department at the English Department of Ateneo Manila University Master Degree in English Study

Has 2 Palanca Awards (Short Story in English 2000 and a NVM Gonzales Award)

Best Short Story of the Year 2000

Ateneo authors Exie Abola and or Maria Llaneza Ramos both received Gintong Aklat Awards during the Manila

Textual information:

Exie abola published the literary text of Five Brothers, One Mother on year 2004

COPY OF THE LITERARY TEXT

Five Brothers, One Mother

Taurus St., Cinco Hermanos, Marikina

The Marikina house wasn’t finished yet, but with an ultimatum hanging over our heads, we had no choice but to move in. Just how unfinished the house became bruisingly clear on our first night. There was no electricity yet, and the windows didn’t have screens. There were mosquitoes. I couldn’t sleep the whole night. My sister slept on a cot out in the upstairs hall instead of her room downstairs, maybe because it was cooler here. Every so often she would toss and turn, waving bugs away with half-asleep hands. I sat beside her and fanned her. She had work the next day. In the morning someone went out and bought boxes and boxes of Katol.

Work on the house would continue, but it remains unfinished eight years later. All the interiors, after a few years of intermittent work, are done. But the exterior remains unpainted, still the same cement gray as the day we moved in, though grimier now. Marikina’s factories aren’t too far away. The garden remains ungreened; earth, stones, weeds, and leaves are where I suppose bermuda grass will be put down someday.

In my eyes the Marikina house is an attempt to return to the successful Greenmeadows plan, but with more modest means at one’s disposal. The living room of the Cinco Hermanos house features much of the same furniture, a similar look. The sofa and wing chairs seem at ease again. My mother’s growing collection of angel figurines is the new twist. But there is less space in this room, as in most of the rooms in the Marikina house, since it is a smaller house on a smaller lot.

The kitchen is carefully planned, as was the earlier one, the cooking and eating areas clearly demarcated. There is again a formal dining room, and the new one seems to have been designed for the long narra dining table, a lovely Designs Ligna item, perhaps the one most beautiful piece of furniture we have, bought on the cheap from relatives leaving the country in a hurry when we still were on Heron Street.

Upstairs are the boys’ rooms. The beds were the ones custom-made for the Greenmeadows house, the same ones we’d slept in since then. It was a loft or an attic, my mother insisted, which is why the stairs had such narrow steps. But this "attic," curiously enough, had two big bedrooms as well as a wide hall. To those of us who actually inhabited these rooms, the curiosity was an annoyance. There was no bathroom, so if you had to go to the toilet in the middle of the night you had to go down the stairs and come back up again, by which time you were at least half awake.

Perhaps there was no difference between the two houses more basic, and more dramatic, than their location. This part of Marikina is not quite the same as the swanky part of Ortigas we inhabited for five years. Cinco Hermanos is split by a road, cutting it into two phases, that leads on one end to Major Santos Dizon, which connects Marcos Highway with Katipunan Avenue. The other end of the road stops at Olandes, a dense community of pedicabs, narrow streets, and poverty. The noise – from the tricycles, the chattering on the street, the trucks hurtling down Marcos Highway in the distance, the blaring of the loudspeaker at our street corner put there by eager-beaver baranggay officials – dispels any illusions one might harbor of having returned to a state of bliss.

* * *

The first floor is designed to create a clear separation between the family and guest areas, so one can entertain outsiders without disturbing the house’s inhabitants. This principle owes probably more to my mother than my father. After all, she is the entertainer, the host. The living room, patio, and dining room – the places where guests might be entertained – must be clean and neat, things in their places. She keeps the kitchen achingly well-organized, which is why there are lots of cabinets and a deep cupboard.

And she put them to good use. According to Titus, the fourth, who accompanied her recently while grocery shopping, she buys groceries as if all of us still lived there. I don’t recall the cupboard ever being empty.

That became her way of mothering. As we grew older and drifted farther and farther away from her grasp, defining our own lives outside of the house, my mother must have felt that she was losing us to friends, jobs, loves – forces beyond her control. Perhaps she figured that food, and a clean place to stay, was what we still needed from her. So over the last ten years or so she has become more involved in her cooking, more attentive, better. She also became fussier about meals, asking if you’ll be there for lunch or dinner so she knows how much to cook, reprimanding the one who didn’t call to say he wasn’t coming home for dinner after all, or the person who brought guests home without warning. There was more to it than just knowing how much rice to cook.

I know it gives her joy to have relatives

ANALYSIS

Literary Genre

Fiction

The story is a type of fiction because it is not real and therefore, authors can use complex figurative language to touch readers’ imaginations.

The story is all about the family and home. The story about the Five Brothers, One Mother the Marikina house wasn’t finished yet, but with ultimatum hanging over our heads, we had no choice but to move in and there house there was no electricity and together with there mother they leave happily.

Analysis Guides

Reader Response

After reading the story, for me as a family-oriented person. I really love this story because it opens our mind that we should value and love our family because they're the one who's always there for us in good times or in bad. Never forget to prioritize them, never ignore them, and never disobey them because they always know whats best for us.

Plot and Structure

The plot of the story are Man vs Nature because they cant sleep without electricity and it the mosquito was biting them. And also Man vs Self because their mother start to gey lonely as they grow up. The solution of the conflict is after a couple years their house was furnished but not fully furnished, because it doesn't have paint yet. And the mother used her boredom in house organizing and buying some stuff.

Setting

This part of Marikina is not quite the swanky part of Ortigas we inhabited for five years. Cinco Hermanos ia split by a road cutting into two phases, that leads on one end to Major Santos Dizon, which connect Marcos Highway with Katipunan Avenue.

Tone

Exie Abola, in Five Brothers, One Mother ,unfolds his personality through the tone he adopts throughout the novel. Exie Abola is bitterly sarcastic as he criticizes the nature of things in real life. His character may reveal the attitude of the writer towards life, as it is common for writers to use their characters as their mouthpieces.

Character

The character of the story are the Sister, Five Brothers, Father, Mother, Titus Fourth.

Point of View

The point of view used in the story is the first person, because the writer use the word "our" and "we" in the first paragraph of the story,the writer's name is exie abola, he also became part of the story because he expressed his feelings in other way.

Diction and Style

Informal diction. Informal diction is more conversational and often used in narrative literature. This casual vernacular is representative of how people communicate in real life, which gives an author freedom to depict more realistic characters. Most short stories and novels use informal diction.Images and Symbols

Although roses are typically considered to represent more romantic feelings of love, they can also representative of motherly love.Flowers like rose are general symbol of a mother's undying love and devotion to her family.In literature , roses often symbolize love and beauty; therefore, they also represent ladies. Roses have thorns which represent the pain or hurt hidden in the beauty, as in" love hurts.

Theme

The theme in the story are Mother's Love because mother's known best and one day if she's no longer doing that well going to miss her.And prioritize them because never ignore and never disobey them because they always known best for us

Contextual Analysis

Biographical Context

The inspiration of the author upon writing this literature is, it is not about the house or permanent house, it is about psychological experience of the author. And I think that Exie Abola did a great job by sharing its own experience through writing an essay and share it to the readers what is the true essence of home with family.

SUMMARY

The mother of the author fears and has become anxious about her children growing up. It was described as an exodus when they start leaving. The mother tries to maintain the home through her cooking which she believes holds everyone together.

REFERENCES

This is the sources from where we have taken the information that we included here in our paper.

Book/s

AUTHOR/S

TITLE OF THE BOOK/WEBSITE

TITLE OF THE ARTICLE/TEXT

PUBLISHER & PLACE OF PUBLICATION

WEBSITE LINK

Ateneo de Manila University Loyola Heights Campu

2006-2012

Abola, Alexis Augusto L./ Ateneo de Manila University

Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City 1108, Philippines

Abola, Alexis Augusto L.

Nelson Versoza

2017

Blogspot Five Brothers,One Mother By Exie Abola

Cauayan Isabel

Five Brothers, One Mother

Nelson Versoza

2020

Five Brothers, One Mother by Exie Abola ----- Many Mansions

Cauayan Isabel

Five Brothers, One Mother by EXIE ABOLA -----Many Mansions

Galgo Loraine

2018

Antipolo City, Philippines

Five Brothers, One Mother

Teach

An Analysis of a 21st Century Philippine Literature entitled

Pedagogic

by Cirilo F. Bautista

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the subject of

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

The poem “Pedagogic” is by Cirilo F. Bautista a Filipino poet, critic and writer and it is all about how teacher teaching the student everything s/he knows and educate the students whether it positive or negative behavior. When everyone is in the classroom teacher and students recognize that they are responsible for creating a learning community together and learning is the most meaningful and useful.

In the end of the poem one student asked a question why does the teacher never changed color?

It states that why does the teacher never change his characteristics through generations to generations.

BACKGROUND

• Authorial information:

Cirilo F. Bautista is born on July 9, 1941 on National capital region (NCR) in province of manila and died in may 6, 2018 on Libingan ng mga bayani . He is a Filipino poet, critic, Writer of nonfiction with exceptional achievements and significant contributions to the development of the country’s literary arts.

o Education

He received his basic education from Legarda Elementary School 1st Honorable Mention in 1954 and he is a Valedictorian on Victorino Mapa High School in 1959l . He received his degrees in AB Literature from the University of Santo Tomas and he is magna cum laude on MA Literature from St. Louis University, Baguio in 1963, he is magna cum laude in 1968, and Doctor of Arts in Language and Literature from De La Salle University-Manila in 1990. He received a fellowship to attend the International Writing Program at the University of Iowa in 1968 to 1969.

o Family background

Cirilo Bautista was married to Rosemarie Bautista and had three children

o List of Awards and Year

• First Prize in Epic Writing English Category (1998)

• National Book Award (1999)

• Gintong Aklat Award (1999)

• Palanca Awards (1995)

• Gawad Balagtas (1997)

• Who’s Who in the World (1996)

• Makata ng Taon (1993)

• he Traveler's Guide to Asian Literature (1993)

• Gawad Manuel L. Quezon (1996)

• St. Miguel Febres Cordero Research Award (2002)

• First Annual Dove Award (2001)

• Most Outstanding Achievement Award in Literature (1996)

• Most Outstanding Alumnus Award for Literature (1983)

• Most Outstanding Alumnus Award for Literature (1982)

• Award for Literature (1980)

• Most Outstanding Alumnus Award for Literature (1975)

o List of works

• Summer suns (1963)

• The Cave and Other Poems (1968)

• The Archipelago (1970)

• Charts (1973)

• Telex Moon (1981)

• Sugat ng Salita (1985)

• Kirot Ng Kataga (1995),

• Sunlight on Broken Stones (2000)

• Tinik Sa Dila: Isang Katipunan Ng Mga Tula (2003)

• The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus (2001)

• Believe and Betray: New and Collected Poems (2007)

• Pedagogic (2008)

• Textual information:

The pedagogic is published in year 2008.

COPY OF THE LITERARY TEXT

“Pedagogic”

I walked towards the falling woods

to teach the trees all that I could

of time and birth, the language of men,

the virtues of hate and loving.

They stood with their fingers flaming,

Listened to me with a serious mien:

I knew the footnotes, all the text,

my words were precise and correct

I was sure that they were learning

till one tree spoke, speaking in dolor,

to ask why I never changed color.

ANALYSIS

A. Literary Genre

The “Pedagogic” is a poetry with free verse. It is a poetry because it is written in lines and the language is expressed. The situation in the poem is the persona is teaching the students (trees/woods) everything s/he knows. The language used in the poem is still used in the present time. It considered as everyday language because most of the words in the poem are used in day to day conversation of people. It is using many metaphors it cannot be considered as colonial.

B. Analysis Guides

The purpose of teacher is to educate the students whether positive or negative behavior. There is no sound present in the poem because the author wrote it in a free verse style where there is no rhythm and rhyme. It has two lines per stanzas.

Reader Response

As I started reading the poem, I thought I could not understand the poem. While I was reading the poem, one question that kept running in my mind, how the teachers teaching the students even when it is difficult to teach the students? But in this poem, realized that even though it is difficult to teach children, teachers still teach it so that children can learn something.

Diction and style

The words used by an author is informal diction on how the author teaching the students and he share his experiences through writing this poem.

Point of View

The1st Pov was used in the poem because the teacher that was mentioned in the poem ‘Pedagogic' was the author himself. He wrote the poem ‘pedagogic” that maybe the situations in that poem is the one that author experience while he was teaching.

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Images and Symbols

The similitude sited in the poem are the words “trees’ pertains to the students ‘fingers flaming" is pertains in the attentive minds of th students who are eager to learn everything that the teacher will share to theme the word “color” symbolize the characteristic of the teacher.

Sound Effects

No sounds effects were present because it is a free verse, it is a free from limitation and has no rhythm or rhyme scheme.

Viewpoint/Tone

The author is recounted his experiences in teaching students. The author is professor in san Beda college and DLSU.

Theme

The theme of the poem is all about learning. In the first stanza “I walked towards the falling woods to teach the trees all that I could’. The persona is teaching a trees pertaining to the students everything that s/he knows.

C. Contextual Analysis

o Using a biographical context, it can be concluded that the poem pedagogic is all about how Cirilo F. Bautista a Filipino poet critic, writer of nonfiction teacher, showed himself as a teacher teaching his students all about life and how the students showed their interest in the topic

o Using the sociocultural context, it can be concluded that the poem pedagogic is all about the matters in education that the author experienced while teaching and at the same time being a writer.

SUMMARY

It is all about a teacher teaching his/her students and in the end of the poem one student suddenly asked a question on why does the teacher never change his character and still the same after many generations that have passed.

REFERENCES

You may just have to provide an introductory sentence here first before actually writing all the information needed below.

All informations was mostly search on the internet and websites that is listed below. Some of it was our own knowledge about the things that we learned in this previews activities and the previews information given by the teacher.

WEB LINKS

https://en,wikipediaorg/wiki/Cirilo_bautista

https://cfbautista.tripod,com/poem2,htm

https://www.academiaedu/19620134/Pedagogic